TSUNAMI
A tsunami (/(t)soo-NAH-mee, (t)suu-;[1]; (t)suːˈnɑːmi, (t)sʊ̈-;[2][3][4] from Japanese: 报波, lit. "harbour wave,"[5] pronounced [tsɯnami]) is the term used to describe a group of waves in a body of water that are produced when a significant amount of water is displaced, usually in an ocean or a sizable lake. A tsunami can be caused by an earthquake, a volcanic eruption, or an undersea explosion above or below the surface of the ocean (including detonations, landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts, and other disturbances).[6] A tsunami is created when water is moved during a significant event, as opposed to regular ocean waves, which are caused by wind, or tides, which are caused by the Moon and Sun's gravitational attraction.Because of their far longer wavelength than typical sea waves or submarine currents, tsunami waves are not similar to them.[7] A tsunami may first appear like a quickly rising tide rather than as a breaking wave.[8] Because of this, it's frequently called a tidal wave. However, the scientific community disapproves of this usage since it could create the mistaken impression that tides and tsunamis are causally related.[10] The typical structure of a tsunami is a sequence of waves that arrive in a sequence known as a "wave train" and have durations varying from minutes to hours.[11] Large events have the potential to produce waves as high as tens of meters. While their effects are confined to coastal regions, tsunamis have the potential to cause immense devastation and can devastate entireIn his History of the Peloponnesian War, written in the fifth century BC, the Greek historian Thucydides hypothesized that tsunamis were caused by undersea earthquakes. However, little was known about tsunamis until the twentieth century, and there is still much to learn. One of the main foci of current research is to understand why some strong earthquakes produce tsunamis while smaller ones do not. The goal of this continuing research is to improve forecasts of how successfully tsunamis transit oceans and interact with coastlines.
TIDAL WAVES
Tidal waves are another name for tsunamis.[15] This once widely used word refers to a tsunami's most typical look, which is that of an exceptionally high tidal bore. Both tides and tsunamis cause waves of water to go inland, but a tsunami's inland flow of water may be substantially stronger, creating the illusion of an exceptionally strong and high tide. The phrase "tidal wave" has been less popular in recent years, particularly among scientists, as tsunamis are caused by factors unrelated to tides, which are generated by the moon and sun's gravitational pull on water displacement. Despite the fact that "tidal" can indicate "having the form" or "resembling".
SEISMIC SEA WAVE
the waves are typically caused by seismic activity like earthquakes, the phenomena is also referred to as a seismic sea wave.[19] Scientists typically recommended using the term seismic sea wave rather than tidal wave before the term "tsunami" became popular in English. Seismic sea waves, like tidal waves, are caused by forces other than earthquakes that displace water, such as underwater landslides, underwater explosions, volcanic eruptions, land or ice collapsing into the ocean, meteorite impacts, and weather conditions characterized by abrupt changes in atmospheric pressure.[20][21]
The primary process responsible for creating a tsunami is the movement of a significant amount of water or disturbance in the ocean.[29] The most common cause of this water displacement is earthquakes[30][31][32], while other possible causes include landslides, volcanic eruptions, glacier calvings, and, less frequently, meteorites and nuclear testing.[33][34] But there is disagreement over whether a meteorite might trigger a tsunami.
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